From 2010 to 2022, Shanghai adopted a series of measures to deepen the reform of the land management system and promote the rural revitalization strategy. Using data from the Shanghai Statistical Yearbook and other sources from 2010 to 2022, this paper examines the impact of land management system reform and rural revitalization on Shanghai's economic development. The study finds that measures such as promoting the reform of the rural land expropriation system, exploring the "separation of three rights" for homesteads, and improving the unified urban-rural construction land market have effectively increased land use efficiency and provided land factor guarantees for rural industrial revitalization and urban-rural integration. At the same time, the implementation of rural revitalization initiatives such as improving the rural living environment, strengthening rural infrastructure construction, and developing modern urban agriculture has created favorable conditions for agricultural and rural modernization and local employment for farmers, promoting the coordinated development of Shanghai's regional economy. Empirical analysis shows that between 2010 and 2022, for every one percentage point increase in land management system reform, Shanghai's real GDP growth rate increased by about 0.28 percentage points; for every one percentage point increase in the level of rural revitalization, Shanghai's real GDP growth rate increased by about 0.15 percentage points. The coordinated advancement of land management system reform and rural revitalization has significantly promoted Shanghai's high-quality economic development. Finally, this paper proposes policy recommendations for further deepening reform and accelerating the integrated development of urban and rural areas. This study provides empirical reference for Shanghai and other developed regions to coordinate the advancement of new urbanization and rural revitalization.